Key Blood Vitals Explained
1. Blood Pressure
Blood pressure measures the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of arteries. It has two components:
• Systolic Pressure – pressure during a heartbeat.
• Diastolic Pressure – pressure between beats.
• Normal: 120/80 mmHg
• Hypertension: 140/90 mmHg or higher
• Low BP (Hypotension): 90/60 mmHg or lower
Uncontrolled high blood pressure increases risks of stroke, kidney damage, and heart failure.
2. Blood Glucose Levels
Glucose is the body’s primary source of energy. Monitoring blood sugar levels helps prevent and manage diabetes.
• Normal Fasting: 70–100 mg/dL
• Prediabetes: 100–125 mg/dL
• Diabetes: 126 mg/dL or higher
Persistent high blood glucose can damage nerves, kidneys, and eyes. Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), on the other hand, may cause dizziness, confusion, or fainting.
3. Cholesterol Levels
Cholesterol is essential for cell function, but excessive levels can clog arteries.
• LDL (bad cholesterol): should be below 100 mg/dL
• HDL (good cholesterol): above 40 mg/dL (men), 50 mg/dL (women)
• Triglycerides: below 150 mg/dL
Balanced cholesterol levels reduce the risk of heart disease.
4. Oxygen Saturation (SpO2)
Oxygen saturation measures how much oxygen your red blood cells carry.
• Normal: 95–100%
• Below 90%: Concerning and may indicate respiratory issues
Low oxygen levels can be linked to lung disease, sleep apnea, or heart conditions.

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