Conclusion
This study introduces a spike-pin, 6-axis force sensor specifically created for assessing the forces exerted on the spike pins of sports shoes. The MEMS 6-axis force sensor chip serves as the sensor element, incorporating eight beams with piezoresistors integrated on the surface and sidewalls. This setup allows for simultaneous detection of both pressure and shear stress directions. A spike-pin structure was developed to house the fabricated sensor chip, forming a comprehensive sensing system.
An earlier investigation created a piezoelectric force sensor with a compliance coefficient that changes based on the force applied [12]; nevertheless, the sensitivity of this sensor remains unchanged. There is potential to create piezoelectric force sensors based on bulk acoustic waves that can adjust to changes in physical properties caused by strain, such as compliance coefficient, resonance frequency, and acoustic velocity.

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